Controls for Differentiated Strategies Essay Example

Controls for Differentiated Strategies Essay Controls for Differentiated Strategies Different systems impact the board control forms, inward and outer variables like size, condition, innovation, relationship and procedures fashion together to what specialists call as the possibility hypothesis. These procedures and their persuasions in the board control frameworks are inclinations, not immovable guidelines. Connecting controls to techniques depends on different reasoning: (1) Different associations work in various key setting, (2) Different methodologies require various errands, achievement variables, point of view and conduct, (3) Controls are frameworks that impact the individuals behind the exercises being estimated and (4) Behavior prompted by the framework is predictable with the system. Corporate Strategies Corporate procedure is tied in with being in the correct blend of organizations. It addresses are the meaning of organizations where they contend and the sending of assets to these organizations. Three classifications characterize organizations in their corporate methodologies: (1) Single industry, a firm working one line of business, (2) Related Diversified works in a few ventures with basic center capabilities and (3) Unrelated Diversified works different organizations without association aside from money related. Distinctive corporate systems suggest diverse control structures dependent on hierarchical structures. Single ventures would be practically composed, related enhanced will be organized as specialty units while disconnected expanded would be organized as a holding organization. We will compose a custom paper test on Controls for Differentiated Strategies explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Controls for Differentiated Strategies explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Controls for Differentiated Strategies explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Corporate management’s nature with go from high to low from single industry to irrelevant enhanced. Utilitarian foundation of corporate administration begins from applicable working experience from single industry to for the most part account for irrelevant enhanced. Dynamic authority as a solitary industry is increasingly brought together to a progressively decentralized expert on disconnected differentiated. Corporate staff size, Reliance on inside advancements and Use of parallel exchanges are high on single ventures to low on disconnected broadened. Corporate culture ranges from solid on single businesses to frail on irrelevant differentiated organizations. Suggestions on the board control likewise stream corresponding to single industry to irrelevant broadened. Vital arranging insightful single businesses perform vertical-cum-level arranging while disconnected expanded are commonly vertical as it were. Control of spending supervisor on spending detailing and significance to meeting the financial plan is low on single enterprises to high on disconnected expanded organizations. Significance of move evaluating then again is high among single industry organizations and low among irrelevant expanded. Sourcing adaptability for single enterprises are compelled while inconsequential expanded gets arm’s length advertise valuing. Extra standards on single enterprises are both money related and non-monetary while on irrelevantly differentiated organizations its basically budgetary. Reward assurance is likewise exceptionally abstract for single enterprises while more equation based for random enhanced. The reward premise depends on both specialty unit and corporate execution on single ventures and inclines toward specialty unit execution based for random enhanced organizations. Specialty Unit Strategies Business system is about how to contend. With two interrelated viewpoints: its strategic (types: fabricate, hold, collect and strip) and upper hand (two different ways: cost authority and separation). The missions likewise comprise a continuum, unadulterated expand toward one side to unadulterated gather on the other. Compatibility between mission picked and kinds of control utilized prompts powerful execution. Various missions additionally require diverse administration control frameworks. Strategic Uncertainty are additionally related, form units face more prominent vulnerability versus collect because of a few reasons: (1) Build are typically done at the development stage while of the item life cycle while gather occurs at the development stage. (2) Build units are focused to expand piece of the overall industry wherein it is profoundly vicious as far as rivalry versus reap. 3) Build is likewise increasingly subject to outer information and yields, the more outer conditions the higher hazard since these are outside ones control and (4) form are frequently in new and developing ventures where supervisors have less encounters. Work to Harvest methodologies additionally is a decision of Time-length, present moment versus long haul exchange offs. Assemble directors are tuned at future benefits whil e collect administrators are progressively focused on amplifying momentary additions. As far as control frameworks varying across missions: The Importance of key arranging is moderately high on assemble and generally low on gather. Capital Expenditure Decisions are less formal on construct while increasingly formal on reap. Capital Expenditure Evaluation measures for manufacture units are increasingly accentuated on non-budgetary information while Harvests have more accentuation on money related. Rebate rates are low on assemble while high on harvest’s yet then again for venture endorsement limits at the specialty unit level its high for fabricate and low for reap. Capital venture examination is progressively emotional and subjective on develop and it moves getting increasingly objective and quantitative for collect organizations. Ramifications of various key missions on financial plan are as per the following: the job of spending plan on construct is to a greater degree a transient arranging instrument while for gather it is a control device. Business manager;s impact on spending arrangement and control limit utilized on assessment against financial plan are high on construct and low on reap. Spending updates are simple for assemble while progressively hard for reap. Casual detailing is increasingly visit on strategy issues and less on working issues for assemble and keeping in mind that it is the contrary when you go towards gather. Criticism on execution versus financial plan is less regularly on fabricate however more frequently for gather. Significance to meeting the spending plan is additionally low for fabricate however high for collect. Conduct control is additionally progressively accentuated in assemble while yield control is increasingly predominant on gather organizations. Key missions suggestions on motivator remuneration are as per the following: percent pay as reward is high on manufacture and low for gather. Extra rules for manufacture is on non-money related while its progressively budgetary on reap. Reward is resolved all the more emotionally for fabricate and more recipe based for gather. The recurrence for extra installments for fabricate is less contrasted with reap where it is progressively visit. Upper hand can be accomplished through separation or minimal effort draws near. Separation is viewed as more unsure than ease for the accompanying reasons: (1) Product Innovation is extremely basic in separation, it builds vulnerability because of its accentuation in creating new and problematic items. (2) Low expense have slender lines and limits stock versus more extensive line of separation to make uniqueness †the more the items, the more intricate the higher the vulnerability. Also, (3) ease produce straightforward items that are estimated lower than contending items, while separated items are mind boggling with increasingly nearsighted way to deal with buyers discernment that are progressively hard to anticipate in this manner making it increasingly unsure. Top Management Style Management control is vigorously affected by the administration and administrators oversee in an unexpected way. Each manager’s the executives style is affected by his experience like age, instruction, experience and his character, for example, chance craving and capacity to bear equivocalness. The executives style essentially impacts the activity of control frameworks. The executive’s inclination for utilization of data and execution survey gatherings, individual and generic controls is likewise a variable of administrative style. The significance of formal financial plans and reports versus casual discussions are profoundly subject to the kind of administration. Some are progressively quantitative while others are increasingly subjective. The demeanor of directors towards reports influence the measure of detail that they need, recurrence, diagrams versus tables or words, in this manner its best that architects of the board control frameworks likewise distinguish these inclinations and oblige them. A manager’s style likewise impacts the level of snugness or detachment of controls. This degree is likewise associated to style of the manager’s prevalent. The level of detachment likewise increments at more elevated levels of progressive system however may not additionally be summed up subject to the style of the CEO. The style of the CEO greatly affects the board control, and as every ranking director changes so does the framework change in like manner.

Climate change reflection (2 pages) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Environmental change reflection (2 pages) - Assignment Example The innovations accessible to lessen carbon outflows incorporate the utilization of carbon catch innovation that is notable from their utilization in oil recuperation. Here, carbon dioxide is isolated from different gases that exist in a force plant. Then again, it might be caught in its beginning period before the vitality is created. This is additionally alluded to as pre-ignition. Pre-burning offer innovations with strong powers like coal and coke. Also, the advances use to expel polluting influences from syngas is equivalent to the innovation used to expel carbon dioxide from a blend of carbon dioxide and water. Also, the utilization of atomic capacity to decrease carbon is another innovation to be utilized. This is on the grounds that it dislodges power from coal just as replaces power from gaseous petrol (Oosterhuis, 2014). A portion of the strategies that can be utilized to direct carbon incorporate the utilization of top and-exchange framework whereby the framework requirements the emanations of managed sources by thinking of a restricted of discharge stipends. Moreover, most favor giving up a remittance to conceal the discharge. This is on the grounds that it mirrors the expense of the discharge decrease. Besides, in nations that are creating, it is the job of the approach creators to settle on the recompenses to issue just as the sources secured by the top. Moreover, an outflow decrease credit diminishes the creation of carbon by granting tradable credits for confirmed decreases. The utilization of the spotless vitality gauges is additionally fundamental as it sets up an innovation situated objective that is executed expense viably. Ultimately dispensing with non-renewable energy source endowments helps in getting the carbon value option to convey motivators for productivity (Jennings, 2007). The job of different nations in the decrease of carbon is by the utilization of vital systems for instance, the utilization of clean advancement instrument to

Nicomedes Márquez Joaquín free essay sample

Nicomedes Mã ¡rquez Joaquã ­n (May 4, 1917â€April 29, 2004) was a Filipino author, student of history and writer, most popular for his short stories and books in the English language. He likewise composed utilizing the pseudonym Quijano de Manila. Joaquin was given the position and title of National Artist of the Philippines for Literature. Scratch Joaquin, is viewed by numerous individuals as the most separated Filipino essayist in English composition so variedly thus well about such a large number of parts of the Filipino.He was destined to a home profoundly Catholic, instructed, and prosperous. His dad, Leocadio Joaquã ­n, was an individual of some conspicuousness. Scratch Joaquã ­n’s mother was a quite, very much read lady of her time who had concentrated in an instructor preparing foundation during the Spanish time frame. Despite the fact that still in her teenagers when the United States claimed the Philippines, she was among the first to be prepared by the Americans in English, a language she instructed in a Manila government funded school before she left educating after her marriage. We will compose a custom paper test on Nicomedes Mã ¡rquez Joaquã ­n or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page There were ten youngsters in the family, eight young men and two young ladies, with Nick Joaquin as the fifth kid. In a home where he encountered an amazingly glad youth. Everything changed after his dad lost the family fortune in due to bombed venture. The youthful Nick Joaquã ­n dropped out of school. Just ready to complete third year secondary school. Among different changes, he couldn't seek after the strict livelihood that his carefully Catholic family had imagined to be his future. Scratch Joaquã ­n himself admitted that he generally had the business for the strict life and would have entered a theological college on the off chance that it were not for his father’s death.In his young years Nick was portrayed by his sister to have had a â€Å"rabid and crazy love for books.† For he would consistently be seen holding a book in any event, while doing family errands. The two his folks had supported his enthusiasm for books. At the point when he was around ten, his dad got him a borrower’s card at the National Library. He was insatiable, perusing for all intents and purposes everything that found his connecting. In the wake of dropping out of school, Joaquã ­n functioned as a mozo (kid student) in a pastry kitchen in Pã ¡say and afterward as a printer’s fallen angel in the making office out of the Tribune, of the TVT (Tribune-Vanguardia-Taliba) distributing organization. This kicked him off on what might be a deep rooted relationship with the universe of print.

Should I Look At Test Magic Essay Samples Before I Write My Essay?

Should I Look At Test Magic Essay Samples Before I Write My Essay?Test Magic Essay samples are not limited to math and reading. There are various essays that could help you score high marks in the entrance exam for universities and colleges. These are always available online, although some may be available only from a specific website. Some other websites may give you a free essay sample and some may give you a private one, but only with the privacy of your choice.As you are sure of the course you want to take, it is better to get it ahead of time. You can start the selection process with a look at various academic essays that could suit your choice of course. You may find some samples that could also give you personal tips as well.If you want more information on essay samples, you may go through the internet or the section of the library where you can look for it. The internet will give you easy access to all the sites which offer your best option of study materials. It is an advant age to have an essay samples in hand so that you can check them if you are still uncertain of the format you want to use.However, the only downside of going through the test magic essay samples is that they will not let you know what will be presented to you in the written examination. This is why it is better to select a suitable topic and stick to it throughout the essay. If you do this, you will be able to get full benefit of the materials.One thing that you should keep in mind while selecting the subject to write about in your essay is that you have to be completely honest with yourself. As soon as you begin to write, you will find it hard to stop yourself and will not be able to prevent yourself from saying something that you have decided to put in your essay. So, take care of yourself and you will be able to achieve high marks.If you find it difficult to choose the topic to write about in your essay, you can have the option of looking through the test magic essay samples. Thes e samples may be offered online as well as in the library, but it is better to have access to them. You should never be afraid to have an idea of what topics you need to write about.So, if you are wondering whether you should look at the test magic essay samples before you begin writing, it would be better to check it out before you begin. This will allow you to make up your mind and avoid any unnecessary stress.

Gender Identity and Social Construction - 868 Words

Gender Identity and Social Construction Gender identity is a highly controversial subject. The notion that ones gender is a significant determination of personality traits, behavioral characteristics, social tendencies, romantic engagements and self-perception is a critical one. However, it is also subject to debate because of the imperatives created by the social construct of gender. This often clashes with what are, in reality, more nuanced and individualized connections to gender. This is particularly highlighted by the interview which has informed the research here. Specifically, the interview subject is a male of the homosexual orientation who would endure difficulty as a child fully understanding the meaning of his gender identity. As the discussion shows here, this is a common emotional disorder for individuals contending with some sexual confusion but should also not be conflated with homosexuality itself. According to Pheil Pheil (2005), gender identity disorders are those which stem not from the sociological pressures of conforming to certain gender traits but, instead from an internal sense or incorrect gender assignment. As Pheil Pheil indicate, this cross-gender identification must not merely be a desire for any perceived cultural advantages of being the other sex. There must also be evidence of persistent discomfort about ones assigned sex or a sense of inappropriateness in the gender role of that sex (Pheil Pheil. 1) Our interview subject wouldShow MoreRelatedSocial Construction Theory : The Product Of Society And History851 Words   |  4 PagesFall Term Essay 1 Social construction theory explains human behaviour and identities as the product of society and history (Vance 29). This theory is the opposite of biological determinism and essentialism which suggest that genetic, physiological, and biological traits determine human behaviour (Vance 29). 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So in this paper I will be analysing how social practices surrounding identity relates to gender in social, personal levels, through the work of three authors; by Ian Hacking on â€Å"kind making†, Margaret Somers on â€Å"Narrative constructionRead MoreAnalysis Of Alison Lester s 2009-2010 Book Series1312 Words   |  6 PagesLester’s 2007-2008 book series, Bonnie and Sam, it is the aim to investigate if representations continue to construct and naturalise ‘traditionally acceptable models of gender’ in contemporary Australian children’s literature. Research background: Since the 1970s, there has been a significant increasing in academic interest surrounding gender in children’s literature. Peter Hunt (2009) argues literature has gained academic focus as society comes to recognise how it can shape it â€Å"in fundamental and long-lastingRead MoreCritique. 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Case Study Analysis Business Strategies of Amazon †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Analysis Business Strategies of Amazon. Answer: Introduction Organizations worldwide are adopting online environments for doing business and establishing information systems to support their business strategies. Amazon is a popular organization that has adopted information systems for gaining competitive advantages in the retail space. This case study would explore the use of Information technology systems used in Amazon and would explore its different components including, corporate structure, corporate officers, regulatory requirements and risk management practices of Amazon. The case study analysis results would be used for making certain recommendations on improving the IT systems of the company as well as enhancing its security posture(Imran, 2014). Amazon was started by Jeff Bezos in 1995 as an online book seller and soon it started to deliver books to 50 states in 45 countries across the world. In starting, the company had a website and an order fulfilment system connected with a huge database that was run over Digital Apha Servers. By 2000, the Information system was revived with Oracle DBMS, Epiphanys analysis software and manulogistics logistics application. Business to business integrated system was provided by Excelon while Amazon Web Services and Simple Storage Service were developed by the company in-house. This report would explore the current information systems and IT management practices used by Amazon. It would make an attempt to understand the nature of the ecommerce retail business, governance structures, processes, policies, corporate offices, regulatory requirements and risk management practices of Amazon(Bluschke, 2016). The nature of the business Amazon is e-retailing organization that has 35 million customers and makes sales of $5 billion annually. Amazon has supply chain efficiencies with which it is able to provide products at affordable rates to its customers. Custom shopping experience is provided by Amazon online through product search, inside book search, wish list creation, and so on. Amazon offers multiple products including books, clothes, accessories, electronics, and more. It is present in different countries including USA, UK, Canada, China, Japan, Germany, and more(ICA, 2014). Ever since its inception, Amazon has been a successful retailer and has been able to differentiate itself from its competition such as eBay and Borders. With the Amazon platform open to resellers and integrated view of customer reviews and referrals, the company is able to capture more and more customers every time. The company has expanded into its technology offers and digital content. However, in the technology space, the company faces director competition from other giants in the space including Google, Apple, and Microsoft(Gordon, 2014). In order to evolve in the digital technology market Amazon needs to provide high quality of services. The key resources of the organization are focused on innovation and service provisions as well as on maintaining and improving its resources that include fiancs, human capital, intellectual capital and physical resources. With the large retail consent that company has, it is able to stay up with the competition as well as gain significant profit s to drive investors to them. Amazon is able to pay its suppliers in 22 days which is much less time than the competition that makes this payment within 45 days. This has also added a competitive advantage to the company by enabling a strong supplier relationship(Aggarwal Travers, 2001). Amazon has a large customer database which allows for economies in scale as well as scope with usually supportive business services offered on the same platform such that marketing efforts used for promoting outside of its platform is less. Amazon acts as an on stop shop for most needs of customers so the chances of customers switching over to competition are reduced(Ganapathy, 2015). The Kindle platform and AWS brings most revenues t the company. Amazon Prime is also used to boost its digital market through the generation of advertisements. One of the strength of the company is customer satisfaction which is due to several experiential benefits that the platform provides to its customers including peer reviews, easy checkouts, tailored product suggestions, proactive response to demands through disruptive analysis of customer data(JIRA Security and Privacy Committee (SPC) , 2007). Information System at Amazon The information system of Amazon is based on service oriented architecture (SOA) which provides opportunity to the companies to use data and logic multiple times and enables the company to develop a variety of software components rapidly with sustainability. The framework enables integration of modular and structural components along with the support for large transactions. Services can be accessed from multiple platforms and from different locations such that consumer demands can be fulfilled instantly(AHIMA, 2014). The information system of Amazon mainly consists of transaction processing system, recommendation system , and interactive search system. Transaction system allows customers to personalize their profile and order products online through credit or debit card payment and using one click purchase feature. Recommender system makes recommendations to customers based on their past purchases and searches. Interactive searching helps customers explore catalogues to find specific items(AJAYI, 2003). Besides these specific information systems, the company uses enterprise wide IT systems for managing its retail supply chain that includes Enterprise Resource management system and Customer relationship management system. ERP database holds customer information and automates ordering process by searching the nearest distribution centre automatically. CRM system is uses for collecting all the customer data including orders, transactions, card records, profile, past purchases, wish list, product reviews, and customer feedback(Imran, 2014). Information technology systems need to be sustainable and continuously improved in order to sustain business operations in the modern world. Amazon has been upgrading and improving them ecommerce systems through the use of Big Data Analytics that uses huge data sets generated from page visits, clicks, user time on website, their demographics, social information and visit times(MYOB, 2016). Big data also gives the analysiss information about the demand and supply scenarios in every stage of the supplely chain of Amazon. Amazon has invested a significant amount on its IT systems including website management, search functionality, customer interaction, transaction processing, and order fulfilment. These systems not just need a huge investment but also a well-developed It infrastructure which Amazon has(Aggarwal Kapoor, 2012). Information technology is important for Amazon as the company has to deal with a large number of products, enquiries, requests for gift wrapping, and choice of shopping methods. Amazon uses Apathy Cloud software for managing its marketplace, inventory, and order management system. IT is used by the company to create a sustainable advantage such that the company is able to differentiate it from competition. Amazon Web Services provide storage and computing services to the corporate which generates a revenue stream for the retailer. Organizations that do not have finances for investment into IT are usually suitable for AWS(Ganapathy, 2015). Governance structures, processes, and policies IT governance has three main objectives to fulfil and these include regulatory or legal compliance, operational excellence, and optimum risk management. It results from a combination of factors including structure, leadership, and processes. IT governance usually comes in two forms that include governance institute model and archetypical model(Arnold, 1991). The institute model has objectives like strategic alignment of IT with business processes, value generation from IT, IT resources management, risk management, performance monitoring, IT principles adherence, IT architecture development, IT infrastructure development, understanding of business application needs, and investment prioritization for IT systems. IT governance structure talks of the distribution of rights to decision making by different parties in a system(Mortel, et al., 2012). As per the archetypical information technology governance model, IT governance involves two research streams including firm size and factors affecting decisions. Contingencies affect the structural decisions of the organization which can be centralized or decentralized. In centralized structure, economies of scale are the focus while in a decentralized structure(Mortel, et al., 2012); customization and integration of changing processes are important(Chittum, 2011). The decision making structures are affected by the archetypical political structures that include IT monarchy, business monarchy, and IT duopoly, federal, feudal, and anarchical structures(VISA, 2000). Organizations can assess their own IT systems using different models including Carnegie Mellon's capability maturity model integration and COBIT framework management guidelines. CMMi identifies 5 maturity levels of IT systems in six categories including communication maturity, competency maturity, governance maturity, partnership maturity, technology maturity, and skills maturity. In COBIT framework, beside the maturity models indicating value delivery, key goal indicators (KGI), and critical success factors (CSF), and key performance indicators (KPI) are also determined(Gordon, 2014). Corporate officers and their roles When establishing any organization, a bard of directors is established from top corporate officers including Chairman, corporate treasurer, and corporate secretary. These officers are responsible for providing operational guidance to the corporation. Their responsibilities include fiduciary like achieving financial well-being of the organization and strategic which involving setting up of vision, mission, and policies for an organization. The roles of each of these executive officers include(BMW Manufacturing Co., LLC, 2015): Chairman: A chairman is the primary spokesperson of an organization who signs legal documents on behalf of the board of directors. A chairman participates in board meeting and ensures that they go as per pre-decided agenda. Jeff Bezos is the Founder, CEO, and chairman of the organization. He has served the company as President from 1996 till 1999 and then from 2000 till today(Demir, 2017). Corporate Vice President: Corporate VP chairpersons the company but on ad-hoc basis but also has some regular duties in an organization. Amit Agarwal who is the head of Indian division of Amazon is also Corporate Vice President of the organization. Besides him, there are senior Vice Presidents of divisions of the company including Business Development, seller services, Web services, worldwide digital media, International retail, Finance, Ecommerce platform, North America Retail and Worldwide operations(WikiInvest, 2010). Corporate Board Secretary: The responsibility of the secretary is to create and maintain company records and documents. Minutes of the board meetings are recorded by the secretary. Besides the meetings, there are other corporate records to be maintained by the secretary that include events, personnels records, payroll records, and policies The responsibility of ensuring that these records are kept safe is with the secretary. L. Michelle Wilson is the Secretary, General Counsel, and the senior vice president of Amazon(Buckley, et al., 2015) Corporate Board Treasurer: Corporate Board treasurer chairs the finance committee of the board. The responsibility of the treasurer to maintain the financial well-being of an organization but his duties is not routine. His responsibility include development of budget, maintenance of budget, creating and review of financial policies, investment decisions review, annual finance audit of the corporation. Andrew Beath has been a Director and treasurer for the board of Amazon since 1997(Ward, 2010). Regulatory requirements Regulatory environment plays a significant role in determining any companys success Government imposes taxes and have several other regulatory measures that are intended to promote the economic growth of the organization and provide consumer protection from exploitation by any organization. With an understanding of regulatory environment, an organization can adapt its operations to the regulatory features. These regulatory measurements could be related to taxation, trade policies, economic policies, and politics(DH/Digital Information Policy, 2007). Each of these factors affects the working of an organization in specific regulatory environment. For instance, in case of trade policies, there can be multiple policy requirements such as tax policies, fiscal policy, monetary policy, regulatory policy, government policy and polices about property rights. A trade policy can either prevent or promote business growth in a country depending on whether it promotes free trade or not. Strict tra de policies can lead to trading losses for an organization(Demir, 2017). There are no single set of regulatory requirements that an organisation has to take care of while operating if it is a multinational organization like Amazon as every country can have a different regulatory environment. Thus, the organization is likely to ace different regulatory challenges. For instance, in India, the government has passed regulations that can affect the pricing and sales sourcing which currently Amazon seems to be violating. The organization has not been provided with sufficient time for enforcement and thus, it is a challenge for the organization. This can pose restrictions on the way ecommerce foreign companies operate in India such as Amazon. A major success for Amazon in India has been due to us Cloud tail strategy but it has now become illegal which would lead to a loss of up to 50% of the sales Amazon makes in India(PYMNTS, 2016). In Texas, company faces challenges in its operations due to unfriendly regulatory environment. As per the government rule, a retailer was not required to pay taxes unless it was in the physical nexus. Amazon had physical operations in only 17 states and thus, for other locations, Amazon could enjoy tax free facilities. However, with some legal trucks applied, Amazon was able to save more on taxes. Amazon had a distribution centre in Texas but did not pay sales tax that resulted into legal disputes as government emended $269 million which was claimed as uncollected taxes from Amazon in 2016(Chittum, 2011) Risk Management The risk management practices of the company are considered good worldwide especially in ecommerce Fraud Prevention. It uses latest technologies like statistical data modelling, cloud computing and has scalable distributed systems to support its transactions worldwide. The company has established a Transaction Risk Management Services (TRMS) for designing and building performance software systems and for preventing frauds in transactions(Ward, 2010). Risk management in retail involves identification of security risks that an information system may face and taking steps to reduce or counter the security threats. Several measures can be taken by the retail organization in order to do this such as development of an internal fraud management system which is used by Amazon(COmmon Criteria, Federal Ministry of the Interior ). There can also be certain other measures that Amazon has taken to secure its internal systems as well as the ecommerce system for the protection of consumers including use of Verified by Visa and MasterCard Secure Code while making transactions, establishing a process for managing post-authorizations, using display effective policies, and intrusion prevention through passwords and software updates(VISA, 2012). Recommendations for Improvement Based on the study conducted on the IT systems of Amazon, some suggestions can be made for the improvement of its systems and structures such as: Amazon has good presence all over the world and has established and world class IT systems that are used for managing its operations. However, when it comes to the governance aspect, the company faced several challenges in multiple countries including developed countries like India. Thus, it is recommended that the company works to improve upon its strategies to take care of governance aspects by adopting local approaches to managing its IT systems in specific countries like India(Bluschke, 2016). Cyber crime is increasing day by day and affecting retail operations such hat ecommerce is at a big threat which is the key business model for Amazon. Thus, the company needs to use more intense measures for security and protection of organization as well as consumers. Business model of Amazon can be imitated and thus, it must work on building stronger competitive advantages using its IT systems such that it can stay ahead in competition(Buckley, et al., 2015). Amazon uses ERP systems that have helped it enhance its IT potential but its knowledge management is still an area that needs improvement as it is not integrated to the ERP or IT system of the organization. With its integration, customer issues resolution would improve which would drive up the customer satisfaction for Amazon. Most of the IT systems used in Amazon are standard. However, with adoption of new technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Amazon can create a special bond with the customers as it would allow the company representatives to connect with people in a more engaging manner(Barrett, 1996). Amazon can enhance its synergy between its different systems by integrating the information sources like sales, advertisement and after sales services such that its information systems can be better used to aid the customer at every touch point. Integration can be done with the social networking platforms which would allow the company to promote its products and services getting closer to the customers(COmmon Criteria, Federal Ministry of the Interior ). Amazon can improve its sorting feature on the ecommerce platform by allowing customers to have more filtering options such as sorting of products based on reviews or recent sales Amazon has been facing issues of phishing with customers as it has been continuously improving its systems and thus, it should create awareness about the same to the customers so as to reduce the phishing threats to its customers. Marketing campaigns of Amazon can be customized across different consumer communities and include the suggestions of customers while making customized information available to them Transparency in the systems can be improved if dashboards are provided to sales people for tracking sales across product lines and identifying individual contributions of the sales people while measuring key performance indicators(Chittum, 2011). Conclusions This case study was prepared to identify and analyse the Information Systems Strategies and Information technological management structures used in organizations. For this, the paper took the case of Amazon which is an online retail giant and explored the information systems used in Amazon, corporate structure used in the organization, corporate officers managing the organization, regulatory requirements and risk management practices in the organization. It was found that Amazon used some state of art information technology systems and a variety of information service was provided to its customers through digital media. It uses big data technologies for understand its customers and make modifications in their offers and offer customized recommendations to retain customers. The organization as a very strong database of customers. In the security posture, the company has a special team for managing security of its IT systems and has a very strong fraud prevention program. However, in some areas of IT management, the company is facing some major challenges such as governance. It has faced legal hassles in countries like India and US against the taxation and other legal matters which it is required to resolve. Based on the case study analysis, certain recommendations were made to improve the security posture of the organization as well as enhancement of the IT systems of Amazon. Some of these recommendations included integration of its knowledge management with ERP, improvement in it sorting feature, increasing transparency, and educating customers about phishing attacks. References Aggarwal, A. K. Travers, S., 2001. E-Commerce in Healthcare:Changing the Traditional Landscape. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, 15(1), pp. 25-36. Aggarwal, N. Kapoor, M., 2012. Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS) - Its role and importance in Business Competitiveness. GIAN JYOTI E-JOURNAL, 1(2), pp. 1-14. AHIMA, 2014. INFORMATION GOVERNANCE Principles for Healthcare (IGPHC), s.l.: American Health Information Management Association. AJAYI, O. T., 2003. INTERACTIVE DATA VISUALIZATION IN ACCOUNTING CONTEXTS: IMPACT ON USER ATTITUDES, INFORMATION PROCESSING, AND DECISION OUTCOMES, Lafayette: University of Louisiana. Arnold, S. E., 1991. STORAGE TECHNOLOGY:A REVIEW OF OPTIONS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING, s.l.: Information Access Company. Barrett, P., 1996. BETTER PRACTICE PRINCIPLES FOR PERFORMANCE INFORMATION, s.l.: Australian National Audit Office. Bluschke, N., 2016. To E or not to Be Amazon's role in the retail industry, s.l.: Module Vienna University. BMW Manufacturing Co., LLC, 2015. Information Technology Research Center. [Online] Available at: https://www.bmwusfactory.com/manufacturing/building-a-better-bmw/information-technology-research-center/ [Accessed 24 December 2015]. Buckley, C., DeFina, P. Root, L., 2015. WALMART VS AMAZON: Economist 2016 Investment Case Competition , s.l.: RealVision . Chittum, R., 2011. Amazon Bolts Texass Unfavorable Regulatory Environment. [Online] Available at: https://archives.cjr.org/the_audit/amazon_bolts_texass_unfavorabl.php [Accessed 20 May 2017]. COmmon Criteria, Federal Ministry of the Interior . Common Criteria Protection Profile Biometric Verification Mechanisms. Bundesamt fr Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik , pp. 2-64. Demir, A., 2017. 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[Online] Available at: https://myob.com.au/myob/australia/myob-security-recommendations-1257829253909 PYMNTS, 2016. Amazons Ambitions In India May Have Hit A Regulatory Roadblock. [Online] Available at: https://www.pymnts.com/amazon-commerce/2016/amazons-ambitions-in-india-may-have-hit-a-regulatory-roadblock/ [Accessed 20 May 2017]. VISA, 2000. Risk Management Risk Management: Merchant Best Practices, s.l.: VISA. VISA, 2012. merchants guide to merchants guide to Risk management , s.l.: VISA. Ward, T., 2010. Strategies for Reducing the Risk of eCommerce Fraud, s.l.: First Data Corporation.. WikiInvest, 2010. Amazon Executive Officers. [Online] Available at: https://www.wikinvest.com/stock/Amazon.com_(AMZN)/Executive_Officers [Accessed 20 May 2017].

NR449 Evidence Based Practice Essays - Human Behavior, Behavior

NR449 Evidence Based Practice Gregory Deloache A. Clinical Question Whenever there are many different people working together, different attitudes and personalities can make for an interesting, and sometimes, conflict filled work environment. Being civil is one of life's easy tasks, however, incivility in the nursing environment has been recognized as a growing problem. According to the ANA, incivility is one or more rude, discourteous, or disrespectful actions that may or may not have a negative intent behind them. (ANA, 2016) This growing problem not only affects the patients whom the nurses care for, but also the nurses themselves. Nurses that experience incivility in the workplace statistically may experience higher stress and anxiety, act out those behaviors towards others, and shut down the communication necessary to provide effective care. The Joint Commission acknowledges that unresolved conflict and disruptive behavi or can adversely affect safety and quality of care . (The Joint Commission, 2008) The purpose of this paper is to bring awareness to nursing incivility in the workplace and to change these behaviors so that patient care can be optimal. (P): nurses experiencing incivility in the workplace. (I): increase education and sensitivity training. (C): have harsher punishments for incivility. (O): less incivility and bullying in the workplace amongst health care professionals. B. Levels of Evidence Incivility is defined as rude or impolite attitude or behavior by Webster's online dictionary. (Webster's, 2016) It has been recorded that new nurses quit within the first six months of working due to incivility and bullying by other nurses. This is a problem that can be, I believe, resolved or decreased by giving the healthcare professionals strategies for stress reduction, sensitivity counseling through workshops, and to work harder towards identifying and eliminating such behaviors. The purpose of this paper is to interpret the quantitative and qualitative articles identified to see whether they are or are not important to our group topic. The paper will compare and contrast the main components of the matrix table. C. Search Strategy While conducting research for this topic, correct terminology is important. Some search terms I used were "incivility", "qualitative", and "workplace bullying". These helped to narrow down my search from articles relating to this topic. The search engines I used were E BSCO and google scholar. The two articles I chose were " The nursing incivility scale: Development and validation of an occupation-specific measure " by AM Guidroz and JL Burnfield-Geimer and " Incivility and bullying in the workplace and nurses' shame responses " by DM Felblinger . I chose t hese two articles because they are credible and relevant to the PICOT question. Because these articles were written by medical professionals they are found to be reliable sources. They were also deemed credible, too, because statistics relating to nursing incivility were stated throughout. References to the ANA and The Joint Commission showed that intensive research was complete d when writing these two articles. I believe that these articles will be useful for this topic now and for any additional information needed in the future. D. Conclusion No one wants to work in a place where they feel uncomfortable or feel like they are being bullied. Being uncivil at work not only hinders necessary communication amongst nurses and staff, but also hinders adequate patient care. It is important to put aside any animosity for fellow co-workers so that quality care to the patients is provided. At the end of the day, we are there to care for and heal the patient. The more knowledge we can gain through increased education , the better we can prevent this from occurring. References: ANA. 2016. Incivility, Bu llying, and Workplace Violence. http://www.nursingworld.org/Bullying-Workplace-Violence Merriam-Webster. 2016. Incivility. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/incivility The Joint Commission Sentinel Event Alert. (20 08). Behaviors that undermine a culture of safety; Issue 40. www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/18/SEA_40.pdf QRCA. 2016. What is Qualitative Research? http://www.qrca.org/?page=whatisqualresearch